| Public health has been described as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals." |
Afya ya umma inaelezwa kuwa "sayansi na sanaa ya kuzuia maambukizi ya magonjwa, kudumisha maisha na kuendeleza afya kwa kutumia mbinu mbadala katika jamii, mashirika ya umma na ya kibinafsi na kwa watu binafsi katika jamii. |
| It is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis. |
Inahusika na changamoto za kiafya zinazokumba jamii nzima kwa misingi ya uchanganuzi wa idadi yao kiafya. |
| The population in question can be as small as a handful of people or as large as all the inhabitants of several continents (for instance, in the case of a pandemic). |
Idadi ya watu inayodadisiwa huenda ikawa ama ndogo au kubwa kama ilivyo ya wazawa wa maeneo ya bara mbalimbali. |
| Public health has many sub-fields, but typically includes the interdisciplinary categories of epidemiology, biostatistics and health services. |
Afya ya umma ina vitengo mbalimbali kama vile uchanganuzi wa uchangamano wa idadi ya watu na huduma za afya. |
| Environmental health, community health, behavioral health, and occupational health are also important areas of public health. |
Elimuafya, elimujamii, mienendo ya kiafya, na afya ya wafanyikazi ni sehemu muhimu ya afya ya umma. |
| The focus of public health interventions is to prevent and manage diseases, injuries and other health conditions through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behavior, communities, and (in aspects relevant to human health) environments. |
Azma kuu ya afya ya umma ni kuzuia magonjwa, maumivu na hali za kiafya kupitia kwa uangalizi wa visa mbalimbali na himizo la mienendo faafu za kiafya na ya mazingira |
| Its aim is to prevent health problems from happening or re-occurring by implementing educational programs, developing policies, administering services and conducting research. |
Lengo kuu ni kuzuia matatizo ya kiafya kutojirudia kwa kutumia mikakatia ya kielimu, utunzi wa sera, kutoa huduma na utafiti. |
| In many cases, treating a disease or controlling a pathogen can be vital to preventing it in others, such as during an outbreak. |
Mara nyingi, kuzuia au kutibu magonjwa ni jambo muhimu katika vita dhidi ya magonjwa yenyewe haswa nyakati za majanga. |
| Vaccination programs and distribution of condoms to prevent the spread of communicable diseases are examples of common preventive public health measures, as are educational campaigns to promote vaccination and the use of condoms (including overcoming resistance to such). |
Baadhi ya mbinu zinazoweza kutumika kuzuia magonjwa ya zinaa ni kama vile kutoa chanjo, usambazaji wa mipira ya ngono, na kuweka juhudi za kuelimisha umma kukumbatia mbinu hizi. |
