| Law is a system of rules that are enforced through social institutions to govern behaviour. |
Pravo je sistem pravil, ki urejajo družbena razmerja in se izvršujejo prek družbenih ustanov. |
| Laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or by judges through binding precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. |
Pravo lahko nastane tako, da kolektivni ali posamični zakonodajalec sprejema zakone, izvršilni organ podzakonske predpise ali sodišča zavezujočo sodno prakso, slednje je običajno v državah s sistemom "common law" (običajno pravo). |
| Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. |
Zasebniki lahko ustvarjajo pravno zavezujoče pogodbe, vključno z arbitražnimi sporazumi, s katerimi si namesto običajnega sodnega reševanja sporov izberejo arbitražo. |
| The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. |
Na nastajanje prava kot takega lahko vpliva pisana ali nenapisana ustava in v njej določene pravice. |
| The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people. |
Pravo na različne načine vpliva na politiko, gospodarstvo, zgodovino in družbo kot urejevalec medčloveških odnosov. |
| A general distinction can be made between |
Splošno je mogoče razlikovati med |
| (a) civil law jurisdictions (including Catholic canon law and socialist law), in which the legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates their laws, and |
(a) civilnopravnimi sistemi (vključno s katoliškim kanonskim pravom in socialističnim pravom), v katerih zakonodajalec ali drug osrednji organ sprejema zakonodajo in skrbi za njeno usklajenost, ter |
| (b) common law systems, where judge-made precedent is accepted as binding law. |
(b) sistemi "common law" (običajno pravo), v katerih sodna praksa velja kot zavezujoče pravo. |
| Historically, religious laws played a significant role even in settling of secular matters, which is still the case in some religious communities, particularly Jewish, and some countries, particularly Islamic. |
Zgodovinsko je imelo pri urejanju posvetnih zadev pomembno vlogo versko pravo, kar še vedno velja za nekatere verske skupnosti, zlasti judovsko, ter nekatere države, zlasti islamske. |
| Islamic Sharia law is the world's most widely used religious law. |
Najbolj razširjeno versko pravo je šeriatsko pravo. |
