| Public health has been described as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals." |
Ubuzima rusange busobanurwa nk' "ubumenyi n'ubuhanga mu kurwanya indwara, kongera ubuzima no gushishishikariza ubuzima bwiza biciye mu mbaraga zateguwe ndetse n'amahitamo azwi ya sosiyete, ibigo, imiryango ya Leta n'iyigenga, ndetse n'abantu ku giti cyabo." |
| It is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis. |
Bwita ku byahungabanya ubuzima rusange bw'imiryango bishingiye kw'isesengura ry'ubuzima bw'abaturage |
| The population in question can be as small as a handful of people or as large as all the inhabitants of several continents (for instance, in the case of a pandemic). |
Abaturage bireba bashobora kuba ari bake cyangwa se ari benshi cyane bangana n'abaturage batuye imigabane myinshi (urugero, nko mu gihe cy'icyorezo) |
| Public health has many sub-fields, but typically includes the interdisciplinary categories of epidemiology, biostatistics and health services. |
Ubuzima rusange bufite utundi dushami twinshi, ariko bukubiyemo ibyiciro bitandukanye birebana n'ibyorezo, imibare y'ibinyabuzima, ndetse na serivisi z'ubuzima. |
| Environmental health, community health, behavioral health, and occupational health are also important areas of public health. |
Ubuzima bw'ibidukikije, ubuzima bw'imiryango, ubuzima bw'imyitwarire, n'ubuzima bw'imyuka ni bimwe mu bice by'ingenzi bigize ubuzima rusange. |
| The focus of public health interventions is to prevent and manage diseases, injuries and other health conditions through surveillance of cases and the promotion of healthy behavior, communities, and (in aspects relevant to human health) environments. |
Ingamba z'ubuzima rusange zibanda mu gukumira ndetse no guhangana n'indwara, ibikomere, ndetse n'izindi ndwara zitandukanye biciye mu kugenzura ibyabaye ndetse no gushishikariza imibereho myiza, imiryango, no (kubirebana n'ubuzima bwa muntu) ibidukikije. |
| Its aim is to prevent health problems from happening or re-occurring by implementing educational programs, developing policies, administering services and conducting research. |
Intego ni ukwirinda ko ibibazo by'ubuzima byaba cyangwa byakongera kugaruka biciye mu gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zo kwigisha abantu, gahunda z'iterambere, gubahiriza serivisi, no gukora ubushakashatsi. |
| In many cases, treating a disease or controlling a pathogen can be vital to preventing it in others, such as during an outbreak. |
Mu ngero zitandukanye, kuvura indwara cyangwa kwirinda ibizitera ni ingenzi kuko bizirinda n'abandi, nko mu gihe cy'icyorezo |
| Vaccination programs and distribution of condoms to prevent the spread of communicable diseases are examples of common preventive public health measures, as are educational campaigns to promote vaccination and the use of condoms (including overcoming resistance to such). |
Gahunda zo kwikingiza no gutanga udukingirizo mu kwirinda ikwirakwizwa ry'indwara zandura ni zimwe mu ngero z'ingamba zo kwirinda z'ubuzima rusange, izindi ngero ni ubukangurambaga bwgigisha ndetse bushishikariza abantu gukoresha inkingo n'udukingirizo (harimo no guhangangana n'ababirwanya). |
