| A category of fine art, graphic art covers a broad range of visual artistic expression, typically two-dimensional, i.e. produced on a flat surface. |
Aina ya sanaa nzuri, sanaa ya picha inajumuisha anuwai ya usemi wa kisanii unaoonekana, kwa kawaida wenye sura mbili, yaani, zinazotolewa kwenye uso tambarare. |
| The term usually refers to the arts that rely more on line or tone than on color, especially drawing and the various forms of engraving; it is sometimes understood to refer specifically to printmaking processes, such as line engraving, aquatint, drypoint, etching, mezzotint, monotype, lithography, and screen printing (silk-screen, serigraphy). |
Neno hilo kwa kawaida hurejelea sanaa zinazotegemea zaidi mstari au toni kuliko rangi, hasa kuchora na aina mbalimbali za kuchonga; wakati mwingine inaeleweka kurejelea mahususi michakato ya uchapaji, kama vile kuchora laini, aquatint, sehemu kavu, etching, mezzotint, monotype, lithography, na uchapishaji wa skrini (skrini ya hariri, serigraphy). |
| Graphic art further includes calligraphy, photography, painting, typography, computer graphics, and bindery. |
Sanaa ya picha pia inajumuisha upigaji picha, upigaji picha, uchoraji, uchapaji, picha za kompyuta, na ufungaji. |
| It also encompasses drawn plans and layouts for interior and architectural designs. |
Pia inajumuisha mipango iliyochorwa na mipangilio ya miundo ya mambo ya ndani na ya usanifu. |
| Throughout history, technological inventions have shaped the development of graphic art. |
Katika historia yote, uvumbuzi wa kiteknolojia umeunda maendeleo ya sanaa ya picha. |
| In 2500 B.C., the Egyptians used graphic symbols to communicate their thoughts in a written form known as hieroglyphics. |
Mnamo 2500 K.K., Wamisri walitumia alama za picha ili kuwasilisha mawazo yao kwa njia iliyoandikwa inayojulikana kama hierogliphs. |
| The Egyptians wrote and illustrated narratives on rolls of papyrus to share the stories and art with others. |
Wamisri waliandika na kuchora masimulizi kwenye karatasi za mafunjo ili kushiriki hadithi na sanaa na wengine. |
| During the Middle Ages, scribes manually copied each individual page of manuscripts to maintain their sacred teachings. |
Wakati wa Enzi za Kati, waandishi walinakili kila ukurasa wa maandishi kwa mikono ili kudumisha mafundisho yao matakatifu. |
| The scribes would leave marked sections of the page available for artists to insert drawings and decorations. |
Waandishi wangeacha sehemu zilizowekwa alama za ukurasa zipatikane kwa wasanii ili waweke michoro na mapambo. |
| Using art alongside the carefully lettered text enhanced the religious reading experience. |
Kutumia sanaa pamoja na maandishi yaliyoandikwa kwa uangalifu kuliboresha uzoefu wa usomaji wa kidini. |
